Magnetic Overhead Crane: Principle and Operational safety guidelines

2025-04-15 16:59:57

A magnetic overhead crane is a lifting device in industrial equipment that utilizes a control system to operate high-voltage and high-current circuits with low-voltage current. The magnetic overhead crane features low-risk factors, ensuring safe and user-friendly operation. Common types of electromagnetic cranes include single-girder electromagnetic cranes, double-girder electromagnetic overhead cranes, electromagnetic double-girder gantry cranes, and electromagnetic under-hung beam cranes. They are widely employed in sectors such as scrap metal recycling and steel-making workshops.

Magnetic overhead crane principle

Electromagnetic overhead cranes use electromagnets to generate magnetic force for lifting. An electromagnet consists of an iron core, coil, and power supply. When energized, the current flows through the coil, creating a magnetic field that magnetizes the iron core, thereby generating an adhesion force.

  • Lifting objects

When the power is activated, the electromagnet generates a magnetic force, securely attracting the object attached to the lifting hook.

  • Transporting objects

After lifting, the overhead crane moves along its rails, driven by a rotational motor, to transport the suspended object to the target location.

  • Placing objects

Upon reaching the destination, the motor halts. The power is then disconnected, causing the electromagnet to lose its magnetic force and release the object at the designated position.

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Key components of magnetic overhead crane

  • Magnetic circuit system

Composed of the iron core and coil. The iron core serves as the magnetic pathway, while the coil generates the magnetic field when energized.

  • Electrical circuit system

Includes power supply controls and protective devices to ensure safe and stable power delivery.

  • Mechanical system

Comprises rails, crane structure, motors, and transmission mechanisms to enable lifting and transportation.

Operational safety guidelines of magnetic overhead crane

  • Pre-operation checks

Verify that all safety devices are functional.

Inspect all components of the electrical and mechanical systems to ensure they are intact and functioning properly.

  • Procedure compliance

Strictly adhere to operational protocols. Confirm that objects are suitable for electromagnetic handling (ferromagnetic materials only).

  • Balanced handling

Maintain load balance during operation to prevent slippage or tilting, which may lead to accidents.

  • Personnel safety

Operators should avoid standing directly beneath the lifting hook to mitigate risks from potential load drops.

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Conclusion

Electromagnetic overhead cranes play a vital role in modern industrial production. With their high lifting capacity and efficient transportation methods, they provide effective solutions for heavy-load operations, enhancing productivity and safety in demanding environments.

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