Divided into gantry crane and cantilever gantry crane
1. Full gantry crane: The main beam has no overhang, and the trolley moves within the main span.
2. Semi-gantry crane: The outrigger has a height difference, which can be determined according to the civil engineering requirements of the site.
Cantilever Gantry Crane
1. Double cantilever gantry crane: a common structural form, the force of the structure, and the effective and reasonable use of the site area are reasonable.
2. Single cantilever gantry crane: This structural form is often selected due to site constraints.
1. Single main girder gantry crane
The single main girder gantry crane has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture and install, and has a small weight. The main girder is mostly an off-track box frame structure. Compared with the double main girder gantry crane, the overall stiffness is weaker. Therefore, when the lifting weight Q≤50t and the span S≤35m, this form can be adopted. The gantry legs of single main girder gantry cranes are available in two forms: L type and C type. The L-type is easy to manufacture and install, with good stress and low weight. However, the space for lifting goods through the outrigger is relatively small. The legs of the C-type are inclined or curved to have a large lateral space so that the goods can pass through the legs smoothly.
The double main girder gantry crane has a strong bearing capacity, large span, good overall stability, and some varieties. But, its weight is heavier than that of the single main girder gantry crane with the same lifting capacity, and the cost is also higher. According to the structure of the main beam, it can be divided into two forms: box beam and truss. At present, a box-shaped structure is generally used.
1. Truss beam
The structural form welded by angle steel or I-beam has the advantages of low cost, lightweight, and good wind resistance. However, due to the large number of welding points and the defects of the truss itself, the truss beam also has the disadvantages of large deflection, low rigidity, relatively low reliability, and frequent inspection of welding points. It is suitable for venues with low safety requirements and small lifting capacity.
2. Box girder
The steel plate is welded into a box-type structure, which has the characteristics of high safety and high rigidity. Generally used for large tonnage and super tonnage gantry cranes. Box girder also has the disadvantages of high cost, heavy self-weight and poor wind resistance.
3. Honeycomb beam
Generally refers to the “isosceles triangle honeycomb beam”, the end face of the main beam is a triangle, there are honeycomb holes on both sides of the oblique belly, and there are chords on the upper and lower parts. Honeycomb beams absorb the characteristics of truss beams and box beams, and have greater stiffness, smaller deflection and higher reliability than truss beams. However, due to the use of steel plate welding, the self-weight and cost are also slightly higher than the truss beam. It is suitable for fields or beam fields that are frequently used or heavy lifting. Since this beam type is a patented product, there are few manufacturers.
1. Ordinary gantry crane
This kind of crane mostly adopts box-type and truss-type structure, which is widely used. It can handle various pieces and bulk materials, with a lifting capacity of fewer than 100 tons and a span of 4 to 39 meters. Ordinary gantry cranes with grabs work at a higher level. Ordinary gantry cranes mainly refer to hook, grab, electromagnetic, and hoist gantry cranes, as well as semi-gantry cranes.
2. Hydropower station gantry crane
Mainly used for lifting and opening and closing gates, and also for installation operations. The lifting capacity is 80-500 tons, the span is small, 8-16 meters; the lifting speed is low, 1-5 meters per minute. Although this kind of crane is not often hoisted, once it is used, the work is very heavy, so the work level should be appropriately improved.
3. Shipbuilding gantry crane
It is used to assemble the hull on the slipway, and there are always two lifting trolleys: one has two main hooks, which run on the track of the upper flange of the bridge; Runs on rails for flipping and hoisting large hull sections. The lifting weight is generally 100-1500 tons; the span is 185 meters; the lifting speed is 2-15 m/min, and the fretting speed is 0.1-0.5 m/min.
4. Container Gantry Crane
For container terminals, after the trailer truck transports the containers unloaded from the ship by the quay wall container carrier to the yard or the rear, the container gantry crane stacks them or directly loads them away, which can speed up the turnover of the container carrier or other cranes. The yard that can store containers with a height of 3 to 4 layers and a width of 6 rows is generally a tire type, and a rail type is also useful. Compared with the container straddle, the container gantry crane has a larger span and height on both sides of the gantry. To meet the transportation needs of the port terminal, this kind of crane has a higher working level. The lifting speed is 8 to 10 meters per minute; the span is determined according to the number of container rows that need to be spanned. It is about 60 meters, corresponding to the lifting weight of 20-foot, 30-foot, and 40-foot-long containers, which are about 20 tons and 25 tons, respectively, and 30 tons.
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